The history of the world of Hydaelyn is bound up in its many peoples and the geography in which they inhabit. This includes the three great continents of Aldenard, Ilsabard, and Othard as well as various outlying islands. This is important as much of the known history of this world has been described through the eyes of those found in Eorzea - the region that includes the continent of Aldenard grouped with Vylbrand, the Cieldalaes, and various other islands.
Visual Timeline
Eorzean Eras
The First Umbral Era - The Calamity of Wind
The First Astral Era - A Time of Stone and Fire
The Second Umbral Era - The Calamity of Lightning
The Second Astral Era - Faith in Above
The Third Umbral Era - The Calamity of Fire
The Third Astral Era - The Rise of an Empire
The Fourth Umbral Era - The Calamity of Earth
The Fourth Astral Era - The Fall of Civilization
The Fifth Umbral Era - The Calamity of Ice
The Fifth Astral Era - Seeds of Magic
The Sixth Umbral Era - The Calamity of Water
The Sixth Astral Era - Prosperity & Progress
The Seventh Umbral Era - (Seventh Umbral Calamity)
The Seventh Astral Era - (current era)